Apache Axis

Apache Axis is an open source, XML based Web service framework. It consists of a Java and a C++ implementation of the SOAP server, and various utilities and APIs for generating and deploying Web service applications. Using Apache Axis, developers can create interoperable, distributed computing applications. Axis is developed under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation.

Axis for Java
When using the Java version of Axis there are two ways to expose Java code as webservice. The easiest one is to use Axis native JWS (Java Web Service) files. Another way is to use custom deployment. Custom deployment enables you to customize resources that should be exposed as webservice.

See also Apache Axis2.

JWS Webservice creation
JWS files contain Java class source code that should be exposed as webservice. The main difference between an ordinary java file and jws file is the file extension. Another difference is that jws files are deployed as source code and not compiled class files.

The following example is taken from http://ws.apache.org/axis/java/user-guide.html#PublishingWebServicesWithAxis. It will expose methods add and subtract of class Calculator.

 public class Calculator {
   public int add(int i1, int i2) {
     return i1 + i2;
   }
 
   public int subtract(int i1, int i2) {
     return i1 - i2;
   }
 }

JWS webservice deployment
Once the Axis servlet is deployed, you need only to copy the jws file to the Axis directory on the server. This will work if you are using a Apache Tomcat container. In the case that you are using another web container, custom WAR archive creation will be required.

JWS webservice access
JWS webservice is accessible using the URL "http://localhost:8080/axis/Calculator.jws". If you are running a custom configuration of Apache Tomcat or a different container, the URL might be different.

Custom deployed webservice
Custom webservice deployment requires a specific deployment descriptor called WSDD (Web Service Deployment Descriptor) syntax. It can be used to specify resources that should be exposed as webservices. Current version (1.3) supports

- RPC services
- EJB - stateless (Enterprise Java Bean)

Automated generation of WSDL
When a Webservice is exposed using Axis it will generate a WSDL file automatically when accessing the webservice URL with ?WSDL appended to it.

Reference:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Axis